Control of BLDC motor in a mechanical ventilator

Abstract

This report provides an overview of essential aspects of mechanical ventilation systems, including their operational principles and the mathematical modeling of Brushless DC motors. It specifically emphasizes the utilization of a variable-speed BLDC motor to drive a blower, allowing for the generation of adjustable air pressure levels through the use of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to control the supplied voltage. Consequently, this directly influences the motor's speed, which is proportionate to the output pressure. Additionally, a PID controller is employed to attain the optimum required pressure level while minimizing deviations. In this research work, various tools and software are employed, including a designated motor driver and air pressure or flow sensors. These components are utilized to establish a mathematical relationship between input power and output pressure, enabling the implementation of an effective control process for this application.